The genus paederus belongs to family staphyllinidae, order coleoptae, class insecta and consists of over 622 species which are distributed worldwide. Histopathological characterization of induced paederus dermatitis. Climate has a prominent effect on the activity patterns of paederusand sequentially epidemics of dermatitis linearis. A peculiar erythematovesicular dermatitis, that appears mostly in the uncovered areas of the body, has been observed in caracas, venezuela. Paederus dermatitis, medically known as dermatitis linearis, is a skin irritation resulting from contact with the hemolymph of certain rove beetles, a group that belongs to the insect order coleoptera and the genus paederus. Paederus nairobi fly vesicular dermatitis in tanzania ray. An epidemic of paederus dermatitis in southern nigeria. The disease occurs worldwide, but it is often not recognized as a history of contact with the insect is frequently absent. Tactics that can be employed to achieve this 2,7 include. Paederus dermatitis also known as spider lick, night burn and dermatitis linearis is a cutaneous condition that occurs due to physical contact with rove beetles belonging to the genus paederus 1. We came across an epidemic cluster of paederus dermatitits cases in our campus which prompted us to. Most cases of dermatitis have involved tropical species, including paederus fuscipes widespread from the british isles east across central asia to japan and southeast to. Paederus dermatitis is an acute irritant contact dermatitis caused by accidental crushing of an insect belonging to the genus paederus.
Paederus dermatitis is an irritant contact dermatitis due to accidental contact by a beetle belonging to the genus paederus. The disease is provoked by an insect belonging to genuspaederus. Control of the rove beetle in rapidly deployed ebola. Evaluation of lymphocyte migration to induced paederus. Paederus dermatitis karthikeyan k, kumar a indian j dermatol. Paederus dermatitis is an irritant dermatitis caused by pederin, a toxin produced by the. A randomized doubleblind, prospective, placebocontrolled clinical trial was performed in 62 patients with clinical symptoms and sings of. Pdf treatment of paederus dermatitis with sambucus. Paederus fuscipes pf dermatitis is a selfhealing blistering disorder of the skin caused by a small insect belonging to genus paederus, family staphylinidae, order coleoptera.
Paederus dermatitis amongst medical students in usm, kelantan. This insect does not bite or sting, but releases a. A randomized doubleblind, prospective, placebocontrolled clinical trial was performed in. Paederus dermatitis pd is a blistering disorder that is caused by a small insect of the genus paederus, especially paederus fuscipes. An outbreak of acute linear neutrophilic dermatitis may develop due to exposure to the paederus beetle with no sex or age predilections. Introduction paederus dermatitis is a erythematovesicular dermatitis that appears mostly on the exposed areas of the body. Paederus is a genus of small beetles of the family staphylinidae rove beetles. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological and clinical findings of an outbreak of paederus dermatitis in panama. Nov 08, 2019 blister beetle dermatitis bbd is a seasonal irritant contact dermatitis caused mainly by beetles of the genus.
Beetl induces an apoptotic effect on contaminated cells in the basal and suprabasal layers of the dermis. The presenting ss in this study are similar to that of paederus dermatitis where the onset of burning sensation is followed by erythematous plaques with vesicles appearing 12 36 hours later. The beetle does not bite or sting, but when crushed against the skin it releases a potent toxin known as pederin that results in itching, burning. Rove beetles of the genus paederus cause dermatitis when they come in contact with human skin. If not immediately washed off, the chemical leads to a linear dermatitis composed of erythematobullous lesions. Paederus dermatitis err h, wiwanitkit v indian j dermatol. Nov 26, 2019 blister beetle dermatitis bbd is a seasonal irritant contact dermatitis caused mainly by beetles of the genus. If allergic contact dermatitis involves extensive areas of the skin greater than 20 percent, systemic steroid therapy is often required and offers relief within 12 to 24 hours. Awareness about the morphological patterns of the condition will prevent misdiagnosis.
Pdf paederus dermatitis, a type of irritant contact dermatitis attributed to a staphylinid beetle. Aug, 2019 blister beetle dermatitis bbd is a seasonal irritant contact dermatitis caused mainly by beetles of the genus. This is a specific form of irritant dermatitis often characterized by linear lesions on the exposed areas of the body, mainly on the neck and face, generally appearing during the night 15. We conducted a 1year januarydecember 2014 prospective study of the clinical presentation of paederus dermatitis noticed in urban and semiurban areas close to paddy fields in. Paederus dermatitis is a perculiar irritant contact dermatitis characterised by erythematobullous lesions of sudden onset on exposed areas of the body. Discussion paederus dermatitis is an entomological model of irritant contact dermatitis. Paederus dermatitis singh g, yousuf ali s indian j dermatol. Paederus is a genus of small beetles of the family staphylinidae. Paederus dermatitis is caused when a pederincontaining beetle is crushed, even partially, against the skin. A second outbreak was described by piraja da silva in 1912. Thousands of high rise flat dwellers and dormitory students were affected by a similar outbreak of dermatitis linearis in penang in 2002 rahmah and norjaiza. Rats were housed in wire cages under standard conditions with free access to. It is characterized by the sudden onset of erythematous and vesicular lesions with burning sensation on exposed areas of the body. Related articles blister beetle dermatitis paederus dermatitis rove beetle.
The clinical characteristics of the condition are those described in connection with the vesicant properties of coleoptera of the genus paederus. This is a specific form of irritant dermatitis often characterized by linear lesions on the exposed areas of the body, mainly on the. Blister beetle dermatitis is an irritant dermatitis caused mainly by beetles of the genus paederus. Paederus dermatitis was first reported in the literature in 1901 by vorderman, who reported an outbreak of dermatitis in personnel at the anjetkidoel lighthouse in jawa caused by insects that were known locally as semoetkalong. Contact dermatitis cd is usually a localized rash that clears up in two to three weeks. Paederus dermatitis, international journal of dermatology. Clinical and epidemiological features of paederus dermatitis.
The species described by vorderman was paederus peregrinus, believed to be a variety of paederus fuscipes. Request pdf on jan 1, 2007, gurcharan singh and others published paederus dermatitis find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Scattered inflammatory papules, erythema, and scale in a child who has been applying topical steroids to the area. Paederi are present in the area, and experimental lesions are similar clinically and histologically to the. The only cases of grass, or meadow, dermatitis observed in the united states were reported by corson 1 and robinson. Background outbreaks of paederus dermatitis pd have been observed in different parts of the world, yet the histopathological and ultrastructural changes and their relationship to pederin toxin have not been described. Other local names given to paederus dermatitis include spiderlick, whiplash dermatitis, and nairobi fly dermatitis rove beetles do not bite or sting but cause skin. Despite much research from other countries on this subject, few studies, mostly clinical, have been performed in a pakistani context. However, sometimes it can be persistent or severe, and occasionally can become widespread.
The insects are known in east africa as nairobi fly and cause an acute, painful toxic epidermolysis when crushed on skin. Mbonile l 2010 understanding of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis ahc epidemics and outbreaks of paederus spp. This pdf is available for free download from a site hosted by medknow publications. S ince the beetle is attracted to lights at night, switch off or minimise the lighting and close doors windows during the. Treatment of paederus dermatitis with sambucus ebulus lotion. An outbreak of paederus dermatitis in a primary school. The recent report on paederus dermatitis is very interesting.
This skin irritation is also called dermatitis linearis or linear dermatitis because one can inadvertently drag a beetle across the skin in a moreorless straight line when trying to brush it away. Robinsons patient, a girl aged 15, had a bright red bullous itching eruption on the. Paederus are known to cause irritant contact dermatitis. Crushing pf on the skin causes acute dermatitis within 24 hours, corresponding in shape and dimensions to the area affected by the substance released pederin.
There are no, to our knowledge, reports of similar cases in malaysia. Paederus dermatitis paederus dermatitis fan, julin. Skin reactions to the beetles, called ching yao chung, were described in china as early as ad 739. This beetle does not bite or sting, but accidental brushing against or crushing the beetle over the skin provokes the release of its coelomic fluid which contains paederin, a. Blister beetle dermatitis, irritant contact dermatitis, paederus dermatitis.
Historically, extracts of paederus beetles have been used by the chinese since at least the year 739 in the medicinal treatment of boils, nasal polyps, and ringworm. The aim of this study was to characterize the histopathological changes of induced pd caused by egyptian rove beetles paederus alfierii. With 622 valid species assigned by 1987 to the subtribe paederina paederus and its close allies, and with all but 148 within paederus itself, the genus is large. This insect does not bite or sting, but releases a fluid containing paederin, a potent vesicant agent. Compared with the pederin free larvae, the predation rate of the wolf spiders to beetle larvae that hatched from the eggs containing pederin can be reduced kellner and dettner, 1996. Paederus dermatitis also known as spider lick, night burn and dermatitis linearis is a cutaneous condition that occurs due to physical contact with rove beetles belonging to the genus paederus. Paederus dermatitis, also known as dermatitis linearis. Paederus dermatitis is an irritant dermatitis caused by pederin, a toxin produced by the rove beetle paederus. Outbreaks of paederus dermatitis were a common and feared. Blister beetle dermatitis is a cutaneous condition that occurs after contact with any of several types of beetles, including those from the meloidae and oedemeridae families 449 blister beetles secrete an irritant called cantharidin, a vesicant that can get onto humans if they touch the beetles. The aetiological agent in the cases described was found to be paederus fuscipes. Paederus dermatitis also known as night burn is a peculiar irritant dermatitis following the contact with an insect belonging to genus paederus and its fluid, which contains a blistering, toxic amide, the chemical pederin.
Pdf nairobi fly paederus dermatitis in south sudan. With 622 valid species assigned by 1987 to the subtribe paederina, and with all but 148 within paederus itself, the genus is large. At least 20 of the more than 600 described species of paederus have been associated with paederus dermatitis table 9. Pdf paederus dermatitis in sierra leone researchgate. The insects are known in east africa as nairobi fly and cause an acute, painful toxic epidermolysis when. In this retrospective study, we investigated a mysterious acute linear eruption that was reported yearly in 300 egyptian patients, with peaks in. Introduction contact dermatitis due to paederus is a particular form of accident by animal contact. Paederus dermatitis, is a poor choice because, decades earlier, the affliction had been called dermatitis linearis, a name that works in all languages, not just english, because of its latin origin the name paederus dermatitis is also inappropriate because it has shown to be caused by only a few species of the genus paederus. Paederus dermatitis is an acute irritant contact dermatitis caused by pederin, a hemolymph fluid released when paederus beetles are crushed against the skin. Paederus nairobi fly vesicular dermatitis in tanzania. Other local names given to paederus dermatitis include spiderlick, whiplash dermatitis, and nairobi fly dermatitis. It is clinically characterised by acute onset of linear.
Paederus dermatitis is a skin irritation resulting from contact with the hemolymph of certain rove beetles, a group that belongs to the insect order coleoptera and the genus paederus. Atopic dermatitis ad is a chronic inflammatory disease which results from complex interactions between genetic and environmental mechanisms. Singh g, et al paederus dermatitis preventing paederinbased trauma. Paederus dermatitis is a peculiar, irritant contact dermatitis caused by a beetle belonging to the genus paederus. Treatment of paederus dermatitis with sambucus ebulus. Paederus dermatitis karthikeyan k, kumar a indian j. Due to toxins in the hemolymph of some species within this genus, it has given its name to paederus dermatitis, a characteristic skin irritation that. Histopathological characterization of induced paederus.
Be sure to verify your new user account in the next 24 hours, by checking your email and clicking the verify link. One hundred and fiftysix cases of paederus dermatitis were also reported among patients attending a dermatology clinic in northern iran from may to october 2001 zagari et al. We conducted a 1year januarydecember 2014 prospective study of the clinical presentation of paederus dermatitis noticed in urban and semiurban areas close to paddy fields in the cauvery basin, mysuru, karnataka. This article has been saved into your user account, in the favorites area, under the new folder. Learn to recognize paederus beetles and avoid handling or crushing these insects against exposed areas of. The aim of this study was to investigate the morphological patterns of blister beetle dermatitis. In september 2002 an epidemic of dermatitis linearis caused by rove beetles affected thousands of high rise flat dwellers and dormitory students in penang, malaysia.
Pdf treatment of paederus dermatitis with sambucus ebulus. An antipredator defence was verified for the association between rove beetles paederus spp. This condition is prevalent in some tropical and subtropical regions, such as in northern pakistan, where it was recorded for the first time by us troops. Outbreaks of paederus dermatitis pd have been reported in kafr elsheikh governorate when rove beetles genus paederus are accidentally brushed or crushed on the skin, releasing haemolymph pederin. One such disease is paederus dermatitis, an irritant contact dermatitis related to exposure to the rove beetle characterized by bullous. Simple preventive measures can be undertaken based on the behavioral pattern of this nocturnal beetle. Blister beetle dermatitis bbd is a seasonal irritant contact dermatitis caused mainly by beetles of the genus. This study aimed to investigate the reaction of the adaptive immune system regarding the recruitment of cd3, ccr4, and ccr10 markers, which are specifically expressed on the surface of t lymphocytes. Read an epidemic of paederus dermatitis in southern nigeria, contact dermatitis on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at. Four cases of dermatitis following contact with insects of the genus paederus are described. Haemolymph extracts pederin of one and three insects. An altered lipid composition of the stratum corneum is responsible for the xerotic aspect of the skin and determines a higher permeability to allergens and irritants.
Beetles, contact dermatitis, irritant dermatitis, paederus dermatitis. Outbreaks of paederus dermatitis pd have been reported in kafr elsheikh. Paederus dermatitis, alternatively called blister beetle dermatitis, nairobi fly bites, and kenya fly dermatitis, is a form of irritant contact dermatitis that is prevalent in the tropics. Paederus dermatitis also known as night burn is the irritant contact dermatitis associated with contact with paederus spp.
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